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Do you know the Classification and Morphology of Palm Plants? Palm plants can be said to be plants that can live in any area.
Even in fertile and arid soil, this plant can still grow well. Not only that, this plant can be found in tropical and subtropical areas, in fact, this plant can also be found in the lowlands and highlands.
Due to the superiority of palm plants that can live anywhere, this plant is also classified as a plant that is easy to care for.
Many people use this palm plant as decoration because of its effective care and also the beauty of this plant itself. As decoration, palm plants are suitable for roadside decoration and decoration in the yard.
Palms also have many types which have their own unique qualities. Several types of palm plants include king palm, princess palm, red palm, bottle palm, yellow palm, mini palm, bismarckia palm, sadeng palm, African oil palm, fan palm, fishtail palm and several other types.
These king palms and princess palms are usually used as roadside decorations. Meanwhile, red palm is a type of palm that is usually used for decoration in home gardens.
Even though palm plants are easy to grow anywhere, if you want to plant this plant you also have to know several techniques or correct planting methods.
Planting distance, making planting holes, planting process must be adjusted to each type of palm.
When maintaining palm plants, fertilization, irrigation and watering methods must also be considered. Fertilization should not be too excessive and is usually only done 2 to 3 times a year with inorganic fertilizer.
Meanwhile, organic fertilizer can be done 2 to 4 times a year. Likewise with watering, it must be adjusted to weather conditions and should not be too excessive.
Next, to learn more about palm plants, below, let’s look at an explanation of the classification and morphology of palm plants.
Also Read: Classification and Morphology of Squirrel Tail Palm Plants
Palm Plant Classification
The following is a classification of palm plants:
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Division: Spermatophyta
- Sub Division: Angiosperms
- Kelas: Monocotyledonae
- Famili: Aracaceae / Palmaceae
- Genus: Archontophoenix, Mascarena, Cyrtostachys, Roystonea
- Species: Roystone Ceremonia, Ravenea Sp. (prepenter princess), the Lagenicais ( bottles of bottles), Cyrtochys was right
Palm Plant Morphology
After knowing the classification of palm plants, now let’s learn in more detail about the morphology of palm plants. An explanation of morphology is as follows:
1. Morphology of Palm Plant Roots
The roots of palm plants grow deeply into the ground and continue to increase in number, are dense, and the root system is so dense that it can support the palm trunk. The shape of the palm root is cylindrical, not stringy, not long and not very branched.
2. Palm Plant Stem Morphology
The stem morphology of this palm plant is generally unbranched, unsegmented, and grows straight upwards. Palm trunks usually grow as a single trunk like coconut trees.
The height of the stem can reach 15 to 20 meters. The palm trunk is enlarged at the bottom and slender at the top.
3. Morphology of Palm Plant Leaves
The leaves on palm plants are pinnate and compound. The leaf stalks are usually equipped with sheaths that cover the stem.
In certain types of palm, the leaves are covered with thorns. Apart from that, there are also palm leaves which have a unique morphology with leaflets growing around the mother leaf stalk.
The length of this palm leaf can even reach 3 meters. The upper leaves are dark green, while the lower parts are green with whitish accents.
4. Morphology of Palm Plant Flowers
Palm plants have young flowers that are protected by young sheaths and are found in bouquets called mayang. A sweet liquid is stored in the mayang stalk, known as nira.
Pollination of palm flowers occurs in the bouquet where the pollination process is assisted by small insects. In some types of palm, the flowers are usually located at the crown of the leaves.
5. Palm Plant Fruit Morphology
The fruit on palm plants is quite large with variations in diameter ranging from 4 cm. The bunches of this palm fruit generally hang down and are brownish for young fruit and bright red for ripe ones. The outer skin of the fruit is so thick that it covers the fibrous mesocarpium and this fiber is usually referred to as coir.
6. Morphology of Palm Plant Seeds
The endocarpium or what is called the inner fruit layer protects the seeds of the palm fruit. This layer is quite hard and shaped like a coconut shell.
In this shell layer, there are liquid seeds that indicate the fruit is still young and will harden slowly forming sediment.
The content of this sediment is very rich in vitamins and protein. In some types of palm, the liquid usually remains and can be drunk like drinking coconut water or siwalan fruit water. At the age of more than 5 years, palm trees will start producing seeds.
Conclusion
Palm plants are plants that belong to the Palmaceae family. This plant is able to live in fertile or arid areas, it can live in tropical or subtropical areas. This plant is often used as an ornamental plant.
Palm plants have a cylindrical root shape and are not very branched, the palm trunk does not have branches and is shaped like a coconut tree, the leaves of this plant are arranged pinnately and are compound, the seeds of the palm plant are found in the layers of the shell.
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