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The apple plant is a plant that grows abundantly in Indonesia. Even Malang green apples are famous abroad.
However, it turns out that cultivating apple plants is not easy because there are pests that disturb them.
So, in the following plant article, we will explain the types of apple plant pests. Meanwhile, at the end, we will explain how to control it. Here is the complete description:
Types and Methods of Controlling Apple Plant Pests
Apple plant pests are diseases that prevent apples from growing well. So farmers can fail to harvest because of it. Here are the types and methods of controlling apple plant diseases that you need to know:
1. Fruit Flies
The first type of apple plant pest is fruit flies. This is a pest in the form of a small caterpillar and its favorite is eating apples that are still green.
If apples have been eaten by fruit flies, bumps will appear around the surface of the fruit. The texture is soft and if you cut it open you can see the caterpillars residing inside.
The development of fruit flies is very fast. Even 10 days after hatching from the larvae, this animal has started eating apples. Therefore, control measures must be taken quickly.
Several steps must be taken to overcome this:
- Spray Lebacyd type insecticide. Just use the dose of 550 EC. Because this has maximum performance.
- Control can also be done using male flies. The method is to lure this animal using methyl eugenol at a level of 0.1 cc. After that, please place it in a high place so that these flies move there.
2. Green Flea
The next pest that causes damaged apples is the green aphid. This animal does not attack apples but damages green leaves. This is done by sucking the liquid from the leaves, especially those that are still in the form of shoots.
If the leaves have been attacked by green bugs, then soot will appear on the surface.
This ultimately causes the leaves to change shape, become curly and dry. Usually the symptom of this pest is that the leaves of the apple plant fall to the ground.
Here are some controls that must be carried out, including:
- Please carry out plant sanitation well.
- Maintain spacing between plants.
- If the pests still attack, please spray the coccinellidae lcyosa type pesticide. Just use a dose of 2cc/liter. Because this can kill the seeds of stubborn green bugs.
3. Trips
The next and most dangerous apple plant pest is thrips. This is a very small animal that usually attacks leaves, especially those that are still young shoots.
Symptoms if the leaves are attacked by thrips are white spots that spread almost all over the surface of the leaves. As a result, the leaves wilt and growth is abnormal.
If control is not carried out immediately, the leaves will usually dry out. Over time, it will fall so that only stems and twigs remain. This is the reason why thrips also causes apple plants to die.
Control of this type of pest can be done by:
- Manually remove pest eggs stuck to the leaves.
- Spray 2 cc metomyl insecticide so that the eggs die completely. Just a suggestion, do this spraying when the apple plants are big. At least when it has entered the germination period and fruit formation. Because if it is too young, there are concerns that it will overheat the plant.
4. Leaf Caterpillar
Be careful with your apple plants if you see leafworms. As the name suggests, this animal is actually a pest that will damage plant leaves until they run out.
If the leaves have been eaten by leaf caterpillars, what appears are small holes around the surface of the leaves. Over time the holes get wider and more continuous. If left untreated, the leaves can dry out and the plant will dry out.
This pest is quite popular as a cause of plant disease. Not only apple plants, other fruit plants also often have problems with this animal.
5. Leaf Sucking Insects
Apple plant pests that you also need to watch out for are leaf-sucking insects. In fact, this animal does not eat leaves but only sucks the minerals. However, the effects are no less dangerous.
Even if this animal has attacked, the leaves will look wilted and dry. Even though there were no signs of animal disturbance there. Because actually these leaf-sucking insects only leave characteristic lumps around the leaves.
If proper handling is not carried out, of course the apple plant can also die because of this animal. In addition, animal development is very fast, which means plant growth will also be slower.
The control methods that can be used for leaf caterpillar pests and sucking insects are the same. That is :
- You can use the mataminfodis insecticide spray, if you can’t find it you can use monocorotofos.
Types and Methods of Controlling Apple Plant Diseases
Apart from pests that can reduce productivity and the development of apple plants, there are also diseases that can cause crop failure in apple plants.
The following are several types and methods of controlling apple plant diseases that farmers should know, including:
1. Powdery Mildew (Podosphaera leucoticha)
Symptoms of this disease in apple plants attack young fruit which causes it to turn brownish in color.
Meanwhile, old fruit turns light brown like the color of sapodilla fruit.
Several control methods that can be used to control powdery mildew disease are:
- Clean the grass around the plant.
- Young fruit or flowers infected with this disease are then collected and burned or can be buried or buried
- Using chemicals, namely fungicides, for example dinocap at a dose of 4 grams per liter, while other chemicals such as morestan at a dose of 1 gram per liter.
2. Leaf Spot (Marssonina coronaria JJ Davis)
Symptoms of attack are found on leaves that are around 4 to 6 weeks after cutting the twigs and also on unproductive leaves.
Leaf spot attacks occur irregularly and then change color to brown on the upper surface where there are black dots starting from the old leaves to the young leaves.
Controls that can be carried out include:
- Adjust the planting distance between one plant and another so that it is not too close together
- The affected parts are removed and also burned or buried so that they do not spread to other parts of the plant
- Spraying a fungicide such as Agrisan 60 WP at a dose of 2 grams per liter of water
3. Upas mushroom (Cortisium salmonicolor Berk et Br)
The symptoms caused by this upas fungus include four stages, namely:
- First: the fungus forms a thin mycelium that resembles a spider’s web, of course this can penetrate plant tissue
- Second: The hump process where the fungal mycelium forms hyphae which begin to infect the skin of the plant
- Third: Corticium where the fungus begins to form a crust that has a pink color which slowly changes color to become lighter or whiter. At this stage the infection is very severe and the bark has a rotting crust
- Fourth: necator stage where the fungus forms dark red dots where the edges rot.
Control methods that can be carried out are:
- Clean the canopy and grass in the planting area
- Reduce garden humidity by removing diseased and injured plant parts or applying medicine to injured plant parts
- Spraying quicklime which has added fungicide
4. Cancer (Botryosphaeria Sp.)
The next disease is cancer which occurs in harvest warehouses. Symptoms can be seen from the fruit having small brown spots that rot and continue to spread until the fruit becomes swollen, rotten and watery.
This causes the color of the fruit skin to turn pale.
Control methods that can be carried out are:
- Pick fruit that is not too ripe to reduce this disease from attacking the fruit.
- spraying healthy plants using a fungicide such as Difoliatan 4F.
5. Fruit Rot (Gloeosporium Sp.)
The symptoms caused by fruit rot in the garden or in the harvest warehouse begin with signs of small greenish spots.
Then it rots to form a round shape, if the disease is left unchecked it turns brown with black spots.
Controls that can be carried out include:
- Picking fruit that is not too ripe.
- Plant disease-resistant varieties
- Spray fungicide on plants or on fruit that has been picked.
6. Root Rot (Armilliaria Melea)
Symptoms caused by this disease are wilting of the leaves. If it continues, the leaves will fall and then the root bark will slowly rot.
Control methods that can be carried out are:
- Infected apple plants are removed by the roots and the holes left are not planted to reduce transmission to new plants
- Spray fungicide on apple plants and if the fruit has been harvested then dip it first in a fungicide such as benomyl 0.5 grams per liter of water
That’s what we can convey about 11 types and methods of controlling pests and diseases of apple plants. I hope this helps.
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